🧲Polar vs Nonpolar⚪
Polarity decides whether a molecule mixes with water or oil. It comes from electronegativity differences and the shape of the molecule.
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🧲Polar
- ✓Uneven electron distribution, has a dipole
- ✓Asymmetric molecular shape
- ✓Dissolves in water and polar solvents
- ✓Higher boiling points from dipole forces
- ✓Examples: H2O, NH3, HCl
⚪Nonpolar
- ✓Even electron distribution, no net dipole
- ✓Symmetric molecular shape
- ✓Dissolves in oils and nonpolar solvents
- ✓Lower boiling points, weak dispersion forces
- ✓Examples: O2, CO2, CH4
Verdict
Polar molecules carry partial charges and follow 'like dissolves like' with water; nonpolar molecules stay symmetric and mix with oils. Shape matters as much as bond type.
Frequently asked
Can a molecule have polar bonds but be nonpolar?+
Yes. CO2 has polar bonds, but its linear symmetry cancels the dipoles, making the molecule nonpolar.
Why does oil not mix with water?+
Oil is nonpolar and water is polar; their different intermolecular forces prevent mixing.
How do I judge polarity?+
Check bond electronegativity differences and whether the molecular geometry is symmetric.
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